Prostate Biopsy

A prostate biopsy is a procedure used to diagnose or rule out prostate cancer. It involves taking small samples of tissue from the prostate gland, which are then examined under a microscope by a specialist pathologist.

A biopsy is usually recommended when there is a raised PSA level, an abnormal finding on prostate examination, or a suspicious area seen on prostate MRI. In many cases, MRI-guided biopsy techniques are used to improve accuracy and reduce the number of samples required.

The procedure is typically performed as a day case, most commonly using a transperineal approach, where biopsy samples are taken through the skin between the scrotum and anus. This method has a lower risk of infection compared to the traditional transrectal approach. The procedure may be done under local anaesthetic with sedation, or under a short general anaesthetic.

After the biopsy, patients can usually go home the same day. Mild discomfort, temporary blood in the urine or semen, and minor bruising are common and usually settle on their own. The biopsy results are generally available within 1–2 weeks, and Dr. Farag will discuss the findings and any further management or follow-up required.

Learn more about Prostate Cancer

  • Before a prostate biopsy, Dr.Farag will review your PSA results, MRI findings, medications, and general health.

    You may be asked to stop blood-thinning medications (such as aspirin, warfarin, or apixaban) for a short period before the procedure.

    A urine test is often performed to exclude infection. Antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce the risk of infection.

    Fasting instructions will be provided if sedation or a general anaesthetic is planned.

  • A prostate biopsy is usually performed as a day procedure.

    Most biopsies are done using the transperineal approach, where samples are taken through the skin between the scrotum and anus.

    The procedure may be performed under local anaesthetic with sedation or under a short general anaesthetic.

    Using ultrasound and MRI guidance, multiple small tissue samples are taken from the prostate.

    The procedure typically takes 20–40 minutes, and you will be monitored briefly before going home.

  • Most patients experience mild discomfort or bruising for a few days.

    Blood in the urine or semen is common and can persist for several days to weeks.

    You should drink plenty of fluids and avoid strenuous activity for 24–48 hours.

    Normal activities can usually be resumed within a day or two.

    Pain relief such as paracetamol is usually sufficient.

  • Prostate biopsy is generally safe, but potential risks include:

    • Blood in the urine, stool, or semen (common and temporary)

    • Pain or bruising in the perineal area

    • Urinary tract infection or prostatitis (low risk, especially with transperineal biopsy)

    • Temporary difficulty passing urine

    • Very rarely, severe infection requiring hospital treatment

  • Biopsy results are usually available within 1–2 weeks.

    A follow-up appointment will be arranged to discuss the findings and whether further treatment or monitoring is required.

    If cancer is detected, Dr. Farag will explain the grade, stage, and appropriate management options.

    If no cancer is found, ongoing PSA monitoring or repeat imaging may be recommended.

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Any urgent referral will be reviewed within 24 hours.